Gue dikasih tugas sama guru bahasa Inggris gue buat mendeskripsikan The Empire State Building. Hari rabu nanti gue akan persentasi. Nih gue kasih tau bahan persentasinya
Gue sama kelompok gue ngejelasin apa itu Empire State Building, gue harus ngapalin tentang deskripsinya, dan temen gue yang lain tentang sejarahnya dll. Gue cuma butuh waktu 1 malem kok buat ngapalinnya, keren kan? wqwq.
History
On this day in
1931, President Herbert Hoover officially dedicates New York City's Empire
State Building, pressing a button from the White House that turns on the
building's lights. Hoover's gesture, of course, was symbolic; while the president
remained in Washington, D.C., someone else flicked the switches in New York.
The idea for the Empire State Building is said to have been born of a competition between Walter Chrysler of the Chrysler Corporation and John Jakob Raskob of General Motors, to see who could erect the taller building. Chrysler had already begun work on the famous Chrysler Building, the gleaming 1,046-foot skyscraper in midtown Manhattan. Not to be bested, Raskob assembled a group of well-known investors, including former New York Governor Alfred E. Smith. The group chose the architecture firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon Associates to design the building. The Art-Deco plans, said to have been based in large part on the look of a pencil, were also builder-friendly: The entire building went up in just over a year, under budget (at $40 million) and well ahead of schedule. During certain periods of building, the frame grew an astonishing four-and-a-half stories a week.
At the time of its completion, the Empire State Building, at 102 stories and 1,250 feet high (1,454 feet to the top of the lightning rod), was the world's tallest skyscraper. The Depression-era construction employed as many as 3,400 workers on any single day, most of whom received an excellent pay rate, especially given the economic conditions of the time. The new building imbued New York City with a deep sense of pride, desperately needed in the depths of the Great Depression, when many city residents were unemployed and prospects looked bleak. The grip of the Depression on New York's economy was still evident a year later, however, when only 25 percent of the Empire State's offices had been rented.
In 1972, the Empire State Building lost its title as world's tallest building to New York's World Trade Center, which itself was the tallest skyscraper for but a year. Today the honor belongs to Dubai’s Burj Khalifa tower, which soars 2,717 feet into the sky.
Observation
decks
The Empire
State Building has one of the most popular outdoor observatories in the world,
having been visited by over 110 million people. The
86th-floor observation deck offers impressive 360-degree views of the city.
There is a second observation deck on the 102nd floor that is open to the
public. It was closed in 1999, but reopened in November 2005. It is completely
enclosed and much smaller than the first one; it may be closed on high-traffic
days. Tourists may pay to visit the observation deck on the 86th floor and an
additional amount for the 102nd floor.[68]
The lines to enter the observation decks, according to Concierge.com, are "as legendary as the
building itself:" there are five of them: the sidewalk line, the lobby
elevator line, the ticket purchase line, the second elevator line, and the line
to get off the elevator and onto the observation deck.[69]
For an extra fee tourists can skip to the front of the line.[68]
The Empire State Building makes more money from tickets sales for its
observation decks that it does from renting office space.[70]
The skyscraper's observation deck plays host to several cinematic, television, and literary classics including, An Affair To Remember, On the Town, Love Affair and Sleepless in Seattle. In the Latin American literary work Empire of Dreams by Giannina Braschi the observation deck is the site of a pastoral revolution; shepherds take over the City of New York. The deck was also the site of a publicity-stunt Martian invasion in an episode of I Love Lucy ("Lucy Is Envious", season 3, episode 25).
The Empire State Building is a 102-story skyscraper located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, at the intersection of Fifth Avenue
and West 34th Street. It has a roof height of 1,250 feet (381 meters),
and with its antenna spire included, it stands a total of 1,454 ft (443.2 m) high.[6] Its name is derived from the nickname
for New York, the Empire State.
The Empire State Building also features in many films, most notably the
classic film 'King Kong' from 1933. Even today, though the building has been
stripped from its title of the world's tallest building, it is a symbol of New
York itself, visited by more than three million people each year.
History
On this day in
1931, President Herbert Hoover officially dedicates New York City's Empire
State Building, pressing a button from the White House that turns on the
building's lights. Hoover's gesture, of course, was symbolic; while the president
remained in Washington, D.C., someone else flicked the switches in New York.The idea for the Empire State Building is said to have been born of a competition between Walter Chrysler of the Chrysler Corporation and John Jakob Raskob of General Motors, to see who could erect the taller building. Chrysler had already begun work on the famous Chrysler Building, the gleaming 1,046-foot skyscraper in midtown Manhattan. Not to be bested, Raskob assembled a group of well-known investors, including former New York Governor Alfred E. Smith. The group chose the architecture firm Shreve, Lamb and Harmon Associates to design the building. The Art-Deco plans, said to have been based in large part on the look of a pencil, were also builder-friendly: The entire building went up in just over a year, under budget (at $40 million) and well ahead of schedule. During certain periods of building, the frame grew an astonishing four-and-a-half stories a week.
At the time of its completion, the Empire State Building, at 102 stories and 1,250 feet high (1,454 feet to the top of the lightning rod), was the world's tallest skyscraper. The Depression-era construction employed as many as 3,400 workers on any single day, most of whom received an excellent pay rate, especially given the economic conditions of the time. The new building imbued New York City with a deep sense of pride, desperately needed in the depths of the Great Depression, when many city residents were unemployed and prospects looked bleak. The grip of the Depression on New York's economy was still evident a year later, however, when only 25 percent of the Empire State's offices had been rented.
In 1972, the Empire State Building lost its title as world's tallest building to New York's World Trade Center, which itself was the tallest skyscraper for but a year. Today the honor belongs to Dubai’s Burj Khalifa tower, which soars 2,717 feet into the sky.
Construction
Construction of the building started on March 17,
1930, with the erection of two-hundred and ten steel columns, twelve of which
would run the entire height of the building. The construction firm of Starrett
Bros. & Eken put together a tight schedule. The sooner the building opened,
the sooner the owners could start making money by collecting rents from tenants.
The builders used many innovative ideas to speed construction, like a chute
that allowed bricks to be dumped directly into the basement where they could be
dropped into carts as needed and hoisted up to the floor where the work was
being done. This kept the surrounding streets clear of mountains of bricks
waiting to be used as well as eliminating the back breaking job of moving
bricks around the site by wheelbarrow.
It took 7 million man hours to complete the 365,000
ton structure. The framework rose at a rate of 4 ½ stories per week. During the
course of construction, 3,400 workers practicing sixty trades were involved.
Workers used 57,000 tons of steel in the framework and installed 6,500 windows.
If somebody decided to walk up he would have to climb the 1,860 steps that were
put in position to reach the 102nd floor.
The job was completed in just one year and forty-five
days for $40,948,900. It finished on time and for almost $10 million less than
expected (mainly because of depressed labor costs caused by the Great
Depression of the 1930's). The Empire State Building officially opened on May
1, 1931, with President Herbert Hoover lighting up the tower remotely from
Washington, D.C. .
When the building was completed it was the tallest
building in the world and the tallest man-made structure of any type. It lost
the title of tallest man-made structure in 1953 when the Griffin Television
Tower in Oklahoma was completed. It remained the tallest free-standing
structure in the world until 1967 when it was surpassed by the Ostankino Tower.
Observation
decks
The Empire
State Building has one of the most popular outdoor observatories in the world,
having been visited by over 110 million people. The
86th-floor observation deck offers impressive 360-degree views of the city.
There is a second observation deck on the 102nd floor that is open to the
public. It was closed in 1999, but reopened in November 2005. It is completely
enclosed and much smaller than the first one; it may be closed on high-traffic
days. Tourists may pay to visit the observation deck on the 86th floor and an
additional amount for the 102nd floor.[68]
The lines to enter the observation decks, according to Concierge.com, are "as legendary as the
building itself:" there are five of them: the sidewalk line, the lobby
elevator line, the ticket purchase line, the second elevator line, and the line
to get off the elevator and onto the observation deck.[69]
For an extra fee tourists can skip to the front of the line.[68]
The Empire State Building makes more money from tickets sales for its
observation decks that it does from renting office space.[70]The skyscraper's observation deck plays host to several cinematic, television, and literary classics including, An Affair To Remember, On the Town, Love Affair and Sleepless in Seattle. In the Latin American literary work Empire of Dreams by Giannina Braschi the observation deck is the site of a pastoral revolution; shepherds take over the City of New York. The deck was also the site of a publicity-stunt Martian invasion in an episode of I Love Lucy ("Lucy Is Envious", season 3, episode 25).
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